(From back cover.) "Using a simplified approach and a casual conversational style, this book explains how the science of mathematical modeling establishes that the behaviors of all physical systems, from the smallest biological and subatomic particles to the most massive configurations within our universe, are designed, produced, sustained or guided by a higher intelligent. [Such an intelligent agent also has a purely physical interpretation.] . . . . No actual mathematical analysis appears in this book. Only the conclusions for this modeling are discussed."
In 1979, I began constructing the General Grand Unification model (GGU-model). The GGU-model generates theories of everything. It gives causes and unifying processes for the formation and behavior of all objects within a physical universe. It is the only known mathematically generated cosmogony. This physical theory is based upon a specific and minimal set of hypothesized processes and entities. These processes and the theory predictions are verified by a vast amount of direct and indirect evidence. The physically interpreted GGU-model is so highly scientific in character that any time an individual conducts a scientific experiment and verifies an inductive or deductive statement, then this also verifies the GGU-model. Of additional significance is the fact that these processes also possess intelligent agent signatures (characteristics). The General Intelligent Design interpretation (GID) is developed by using these intelligent agent signatures. I originated the notion that a theory of everything can be interpreted in this dual manner. That is, that all of the physical processes that have formed our universe and control all aspects of natural-system behavior, as well as the results of such processes, can be interpreted as designed by intelligent agency.
This book is intended for individuals with, at least, the equivalent of a high-quality two-year or four-year college education that includes a number of courses that require comprehension of material written in an analytic manner. That is, a manner using standard but simple modes of scientific discourse and analysis. This book is for instruction and presents a minor introduction to the GGU-model. It contains a vast amount of material not previously disclosed. The theory describes causes completely in terms of physical processes, or completely in terms of intelligent agency or combinations of these two as well as a completely distinct third possibility. The GGU-model predicts many different cosmologies. Each of these GGU-model cosmologies is a theory of everything, but some specific cases can be differentiated one from another based upon explanatory power. That is, based upon the how the theory explains the various levels of complexity in a universe
Many significant GGU-model processes and results are discussed in detail. Many distinctly different interpretations are discussed. Relative to the general intelligent design (GID) interpretation, the proper definition for "intelligent design" is not the one that appears throughout much of the public domain that concludes that some aspects of "nature" appear to have significance purposes and are too complex to be formed by known natural processes over required time spans. For this "definition," the notion of what constitutes "intelligent" design is not specifically defined via scientific means. The correct definition is the one that I purposed originally as the GID interpretation for the GGU-model. "Processes as modeled by mathematical operators produce universes, and natural-systems and natural-system behaviors within these universes. If these processes display certain signatures, then the universes, the natural-systems and their behaviors are intelligently deigned. These signatures display significance characteristics that model intelligent thought processes."
For a "small" example, consider the following declarations.
(1) Science declares that our universe is designed and produced, sustained or guided by a definable higher intelligence and associated intelligent agents.(2) Science declares that our universe is produced, sustained or guided by physical processes, where any relation to intelligent design can be considered as an illusory artifact of the modeling methods.
(3) The higher intelligence of declaration (1) exists and can be identified with God as He is described within the Bible.
Are statements (1) - (3) factual? This is answered by the following established statements.
(4) Based upon the scientific methods for modeling and interpretation as used by science-communities, statements (1), (2) and (3) are rational declarations. If a certain unverified evolutionary hypothesis is accepted, then we cannot know by means of materialistic scientific analysis which of the declarations (1) or (2) is true in objective reality.(5) There are specific procedures that may allow you to determine whether (1), (2) or (3) is fact.
Please note that the GGU-model is not based upon an individual accepting any theological interpretation for the results presented. Almost all major scientific theories have theological interpretations. The GGU-model is only related to Biblical creationary science under various distinct interpretations. In its basic form, it is not counter to any "evolutionary" theory. Indeed, if humankind can produce a complete and accurate theory of biological evolution, then, for this theory, a GGU-model physical interpretation yields all forms of such an evolutionary development, the intelligent design interpretation states that intelligent agents control such evolutionary development, and the theological interpretation yields the most basic form of theistic evolution. One most always make a choice as to the interpretation. This choice comes from physical or other sources of evidence. Remember that one can make all sorts of declarations. Scientifically establishing any declaration as fact is another matter.
In this book, you are also introduced to the predicted theory of "subparticles." These are probably the true building blocks for our and possible many other universes. Further, subparticle theory eliminates the particle physics controversy as to whether most of the postulated "particles" actually exist in objective reality, or are they but invented and the quantum physics that applies is but a predictive "bookkeeping" scheme.
INTRODUCTION --The historical events that led to the discovery of the model detailed in this book are discussed. Further, brief descriptions of the books remaining contents and explanations of my methods are presented.CHAPTER I - Mathematical Modeling
1.1 Intelligence or Design -- I discuss, using numerous examples, whether it's better to investigate a somewhat philosophic and very restricted notion of "design" and claim that this indicates that an "intelligent agent" produces the design, or to define the notion of an intelligent agent and whatever the intelligent agent produces is "intelligently designed." To determine which of these two is the best approach, General Intelligent Design Theory is introduced.
1.2 Is Intelligent Design a Science? -- Actual scientific practice is discussed. Examples are given of science-communities that accept scientific theories that use the same general procedures I employ to produce the theory of General Intelligent Design (GID). Direct and indirect evidence is defined and discussed. These two concepts are applied to theories of "everything" and alternative theories that have no differentiating evidence. I show how to compare alternative theories scientifically.
1.3 The Mathematical Model -- The idea of the "mathematical model" is defined by means of the "interpretation." I illustrate this notion with the physical terms "force" and "motion." For "force," Newton's interpretation by geometry is considered. For "motion," the intuitive notions, as described by Aristotle and corrected by Galileo, are considered. You'll learn why certain scientific theories aren't just physical theories but are, at least partially, mathematical models. At this point, a mysterious aspect of these scientific procedures begins to reveal itself.
1.4 Mathematical Reasoning -- By starting with a few real world examples, I take a slight leap into the "brain game" some term as mathematical reasoning. No mathematics is presented but five "nonsense" statements or "axioms" are presented. Then, based upon the defined notion of the interpretation, I let you construct an interpretation, with real world people and sports activity teams, that "models" these five statements. It's at this point that the mystery is revealed fully, a mystery that has an explanation.
1.5 Mathematical Logic -- In simple terms, three explicit logical arguments are presented. One argument is about a 1952 - 53 biology laboratory experiment, related to drug resistant "mutations," conducted at the University of Maryland Medical School. I suggested a way to model this experiment and the results changed clinical practice. Although the arguments are about very different physical objects or concepts, an analysis shows that the actual "logical patterns" for these three arguments are exactly the same. What's happing at this point is that you're being introduced to basic notions from the discipline called "Mathematical Logic." You'll find out why a book that instructs you in the construction of a computer language or even the Web HTML isn't written solely in such a language.
1.6 Intelligence -- This chapter ends with a definition of intelligence and an illustration for a "logic-system" used by science-communities to argue for scientific conclusions. The major problem is to model, somehow or other, all the different modes of "thinking" people display when they communicate. This problem is solved in this section.
CHAPTER II - Modeling Intelligence
2.1 A Big Language -- This begins with a discussion of what is, in my opinion, the most significant of all human achievements, the invention of symbolic languages. However, the circle is completed, so to speak. There are languages that allow us to return to "images," like the jpeg, via computer programs and digitizing. I also begin characterizing the vague notion of "specific information."
2.2 Content -- In this section, "content" is specifically discussed. Further, how science-communities eliminate content as a barrier to logical discourse is detailed.
2.3 Rules of Inference and Other Stuff -- The notion of "rules of inference" is introduced and it's shown how these rules are applied using only "images," say <:),<:|,<:(, in the place of words. Indeed, the new notion called "image logic" [icon logic] is introduced. It's explained, for the first time, how individuals can rationally think prior to the acquisition of a language.
2.4 Consequence Operators -- You'll learn how to use "operator" language, what the simple symbolic abbreviations mean intuitively and what science means by a "theory." I'll show you how certain operators characterize scientific theories, scientific systems for "proper thinking" and many other "logical" processes. A very substantial fact about these operators and thought processes is revealed. What it means to falsify a theory is discussed and whether the GGU-model can be "falsified" is determined.
2.5 The Strengths of Logic-Systems -- I explain how one shows that a scientific logic-system is stronger than another such system and the significance of this concept.
2.6 Metalogic, Metatheorems, and More -- In simple terms, it's explained how one uses mathematics to investigate logical thinking. The necessary simple terminology for this and for other purposes is introduced. I'll show how a logical process discovered by Aristotle, and constantly used by us, corresponds to images such as <:-).
2.7 Selection or Choice Operators -- How intelligence is used to make choices and how one constructs a simple model for the "choice" process are presented.
2.8 Accuracy -- The accuracy of "mathematical models" is discussed as well as one of the major errors within physical-science modeling.
CHAPTER III - Ultra "Stuff"
3.1 Let the Journey Begin -- In Chapter III, I begin detailing and illustrating how "universes" can be intelligently constructed and, consequently, designed. Among the many results, it's shown how the GGU-model allows for the rational design of what science fiction writers call parallel universes. But, these universes are exceptionally different in character from those imagined by these authors or by any physical-science community.
3.2 It's About Time -- The important notions of "primitive time" and "observer time" are introduced along with the necessity of a universe-wide moment I term as NOW.
3.3 Specific Information -- The somewhat new notion of specific information and its relation to content are discussed.
3.4 A Time Development -- This section deals with the notion of the "time development" of a physical system, how physical systems are created or how they change as primitive time increases. A specific process is introduced as an illustration, a VCR or DVD process that you have probably used many times. This leads to my major illustration, the "frozen-frame," an image that appears "frozen in time." I discuss how newly discovered mathematical concepts, as applied to certain operators, predict automatically the properties one would associate with an "intelligence."
3.5 The Hardest to Comprehend -- I discuss why what comes next may take a little extra effort to comprehend immediately at any great depth. However, I have done the best I can to simplify the notions through the use of many, many illustrations. Remember, that these results have never before been scientifically obtained by means of human thought. New concepts need to be considered in a less casual manner than well-known ones.
3.6 Covirtual Stuff -- The significant physical notion of "virtual" stuff and processes is introduced and related to a very popular general audience exposition given by Nobelist Richard Feynman. This notion is discussed in simple terms from both the particle physics and the optical viewpoints. I relate this notion to the GGU-model's "covirtual" concept. It's shown that "covirtual" universes exist, in a mathematical sense, and that the "real" universes they generate can have diverse characteristics. I discuss "super-compressed" specific information and relate this notion to compressed computer files.
3.7 Ultrawords -- Objects denoted by w, that according to the mathematical model exist, are illustrated. They comprise "super-compressed" specific information, so to speak. How one "constructs" such objects is filly illustrated.
3.8 Ultralogics -- You'll learn how the "intelligent agent" *S acts on w, decompresses w and yields physical objects that evolve in primitive time. The process *S is called an "ultralogic" since it mirrors the behavior of a very powerful intelligent agent.
3.9 Ultimate Ultrawords --I give a simple illustration as to how special ultrawords, w', are constructed. I discuss how *S acts on such a w', decompresses it, and how this yields a truly startling result.
3.10 Specific Universe Construction -- In this section, it's demonstrated how an intelligent agent designs modifications to simple universes so that the modified universes include biological entities that, within physical limits, alter physical behavior. Using computer "windows" terminology, I preview a method that allows you to visualize the moment-to-moment generation of a "real" universe using a collection of modified universes.
3.11 The Model "Speaks" -- All previously known physical theories are constructed by human beings. I show how a new and specific method allows the model to actual generate part of a written theory without human intervention. This method does not require any ad hoc assumptions or definitions.
3.12 Subparticles -- It's shown how the methods used automatically generates a theory that predicts the existence of "subparticles." These are new ultimate building blocks from which these universes are constructed. These objects can be combined using processes that mimic human experiences. From these combinations, an entire physical universe appears when only one "button" is pushed, so to speak. Subparticles correlate directly to specific information and images.
CHAPTER IV - Everything Is Designed
4.1 The Chicken or the Egg -- How do "natural laws" come about? This question is investigated via image logic. The model solves this problem and describes exactly how the perceived natural laws, the humanly comprehensible regularities, come into being. However, something else precedes the natural laws.
4.2 Physical Theories -- What constitutes a physical theory is fully discussed.
4.3 An Ultralogic Unification for All Physical Theories -- For the first time within scientific discourse, a complete scientific unification for all scientific theories is presented. For a specific universe, specific processes are discussed that display an intelligent design signature and that, at the least, guide or sustain every scientific aspect of a universe's actual moment-to-moment time development. Further, it's shown that there's a vast amount of direct evidence for such intelligent design.
4.4 Ultranatural Events, Ultranatural Theories -- The model predicts the existence of new objects that are always present and tend to hold universes together. New terms are introduced in order to discuss the properties of these new objects. What comes prior to the "natural laws" is detailed.
4.5 Designed Randomness -- I discuss the facts that "random" behavior can be caused by deterministic processes and that randomness does not mean the lack of intelligent design.
4.6 Probabilistic Behavior -- Using numerous illustrations, it's shown that all scientific forms of probabilistic behavior are produced, and guided or sustained by process that have intelligent design signatures. These processes can be interpreted as an intelligent agent that "decides" whether or not a probabilistic event will occur.
4.7 A Hidden Design Feature -- It's shown how there maybe a "special signature" that implies that the behavior of any natural-system is intelligently designed.
4.8 The Library of Universes and the Participator -- One of the greatest of all scientific mysteries is solved. Biological creatures alter the basic behavior of physical objects. Biological creatures, even if they carefully set up experiments, can't avoid some degree of interference. Is it possible that there's a refinement to universe construction that includes intelligently designed processes that associate a specific collection of universes to those natural-system alterations precipitated by animate beings? Can these processes also be interpreted as guiding or sustaining such behavior? This section is mainly concerned with answering these questions affirmatively.
4.9 Is All of This Necessary? -- It's shown why the answer to this is yes.
CHAPTER V - Other Interpretations
5.1 A Maximum Physical Scenario -- I show you how to take my notion of intelligent design, and replace such design with pure physical-like processes. This uses the physical-like objects discussed previously. This is my basic interpretation for the GGU-model, a complete physical interpretation.
5.2 Refined Library Construction -- This is a review of the previous universe constructions with refinements. For example, I show how to construct more complex universes from collections of universes. Further, the physical interpretation can be considered as a "real" concrete model or merely an analogue model that but produces results that mimics behavior.
5.3 Apparent Intelligent Design -- The notion of "apparent intelligent design" is considered. It's shown, using gradual human biological evolution, that the intelligent design of perceived physical behavior might be attributed solely to illusion.
5.4 The Liars Among Us and A Minimum Physical Scenario -- How scientists purposely lie by omission is discussed. It's shown how to construct a GGU-model minimum physical scenario.
5.5 A Counter to Apparent Design -- Can the apparent design argument be countered? It's shown how properly constituted probabilistic arguments can eliminate gradual evolutionary processes as explanations for natural-system formation or behavior. I present facts that demonstrate that there's neither actual evidence nor any comprehensible mechanisms that forces rejection of all GGU-model intelligent design attributes.
5.6 And God Said -- All cosmologies and many other scientific theories have positive or negative theological interpretations. This fact leads to the third type of GGU-model interpretation that verifies the rationality for "deity" creationary scenarios as described in many ancient documents. Many GGU-model variations exist for deity creation. I show you how to apply the GGU-model and verify the rationality for maximum deity participation in universe creation and control. This process also yields a very weak minimum deity participation model. Among various general theological concepts, I show that it is scientifically possible for a deity to have knowledge of the past, the present and future [i.e. complete foreknowledge].
5.7 A Genesis Sequence -- There are many distinct theological interpretations for the GGU-model and none of them needs to be accepted as fact. These interpretations can vary from the well-known weakest form of theistic evolution through the most literal creationary scenario. I only discuss three theological interpretations. I discuss these three only because they are not well- known.
5.8 But It Appears So Old -- I discuss how GGU-model mechanisms can be used to generate the Genesis Flood as a viable possibility. Further, so as not to contradict the appearance of the exterior universe, this will yield an Earth and solar system with the appropriate apparent age. Moreover, scientific anomalies exist and these can be used to verify this GGU-model possibility.
5.9 Other Genesis Sequences -- Other not well-known Genesis sequence speculations are discussed. One of these, the Humphreys' model, can be produced by the GGU-model without first associating this model's origin with any natural laws accepted today. I also present my 1993 "hot firmament" model.
5.10 It's Your Choice -- This chapter ends with a short recap of the must significant GGU-model interpretations. Further, I discuss why you have many specific choices and that evidence for your choice needs to come from non-scientifically verified knowledge or experiences.
REFERENCES
GLOSSARY
INDEX
Who Am I and Information About Corrections
The e-mail address drrahgid@hotmail.com is for significant questions or comments only. I delete e-mail based upon the subject heading. I will only answer e-mail that has the subject heading GID and nothing more. Since my time is very limited, it is necessary that I determine whether an e-mail question or constructive comment is of enough significance that I personally reply via e-mail.